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LEAGUES

" 📝🗒️📋 ' Screed,Passage, & Blog Unpad Nonce Ialive ' 📋📄📝"

  DRESSER FOR(E) DRIBS AND DRAB UPFRONTS UNDAWN on the UP-$PEED side

                    THE NINE MUSES

The Muses are daughters of Zeus and the Titan Mnemosyne after the couple slept together for nine consecutive nights.

1) Calliope, traditionally the most important (beautiful-voiced and representing epic poetry and also rhetoric),

2) Clio (glorifying and representing history),

3) Erato (lovely and representing singing),

4) Euterpe (well-delighting and representing lyric poetry),

5) Melpomene (singing and representing tragedy),

6) Polymnia (many hymning and representing hymns to the gods and heroes),

7) Terpsichore or Stesichore (delighting in dance),

8) Thalia (blooming and representing comedy),

9) Urania (heavenly and representing astronomy.                  -----

     &     A  Philosopher said -

" THE MUSES ARE BUT NINE,

SAY SOME ,

                HOW  CARELESSLY !

CAN THEY NOT SEE ;

                 SAPPHO, THE TENTH ,

FROM LESBOS COME "

                                 BY PLATO ------

✩₊˚.⋆☾⋆⁺₊✧                         💮🏵️

AT SEA THE YEARS ARE TELESCOPED INTO HOURS. HELEN DENIED ALL KNOWLEDGE KEEPING HOPE ALIVE, AS SHE MADE UP OF STERNER'S STUFF ON THE REDUCTION TO STUNNED SILENCE SIDE AND GETTING A EERIE SANSATION THAT SHE WAS BEING WATCHED. 

                      SHE STOOD OUT FROM THE GENERAL RUN OF A WOMAN AND FIRM AGAINST THE PROPOSAL THAT FIRED HER IMAGINATION TO REACHING THEIR LIMITS.

             POP by 🐋🐠🐡🐳🐟🐬🦈🐧    

                           BY  " WISHAL JAIN "

⚠️ D    ⚠️🧙‍♀️

31 DEC 2023               DRESSER 🗄️

🕊️ THE HYSTERICAL SHE °=° 🕊️

 THE SHE NATURED Y - Y GIRLS FOR BLAMING AND ACCUSING CULPRITNESS TOO BUTTER MENT;

INFLATED BY ENDING CAPUT CRIMINALING THE SPARKLING WHITE PROUD OF  " 👀 " BE EDGED .

                        BY  " WISHAL JAIN"

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PREHISTORY OF INDIA

The areas of present-day India, Pakistan, and Nepal have provided archaeologists and scholars with the richest sites of the most ancient pedigree. The species Homo heidelbergensis (a proto-human who was an ancestor of present HOMO SAPIAN inhabited the subcontinent of India centuries before humans migrated into the region known AS EUROPE. Evidence of the existence of Homo heidelbergensis was first discovered in Germany in 1907 and, since, further discoveries have established fairly clear migration patterns of this species out of AFRICA.

Recognition of the antiquity of their presence in India has been largely due to the fairly late archaeological interest in the area as, unlike work in Mesopotamia and Egypt, western excavations in India did not begin in earnest until the 1920s. Though the ancient city of Harappa was known to exist as early as 1829, its archaeological significance was ignored and the later excavations corresponded to an interest in locating the probable sites referred to in the great Indian epics Mahabharata and  RAMAYANA (both of the 5th or 4th centuries BCE) while ignoring the possibility of a much more ancient past for the region.__--

1 JANUARY  2024                   DRESSERS 🗄️

                    🧙‍♀️   WHEY SIN    🧙‍♀️

           ~~  AT SIXES AND SEVEN ~~

                             🎻 THE HAIKU 🎸

       GO WENT GONE 😭    (!)

                             BABY HYPER 😡 IN ;

       CLEFT SEER HON.       (!!)

                              CLAPTRAP PRIG ;

       SIBYL SHAM 🦸🏽‍♀️          (!!!)

       SHAGGY MAIM           (!v)

                           BY    " VISHAL JAIN "

⚠️ D     🔏⚠️     

8 JANUARY 2024            

        ☾  THE SILVER MOON  ☾

SILVER MOON IS SET ;

THE PLEIADES ARE GONE ; 

HALF THE LONG NIGHT IS SPENT

AND YET

I LIE ALONE.

BY  " SAPHHO" ( C. 630 - C. 570 BC )

        "  A POLINDROME POEM"

Doppelganger | By James A. Lindon

Entering the lonely house with my wife
I saw him for the first time
Peering furtively from behind a bush —
Blackness that moved,
A shape amid the shadows,
A momentary glimpse of gleaming eyes
Revealed in the ragged moon.
A closer look (he seemed to turn) might have
Put him to flight forever —
I dared not
(For reasons that I failed to understand),
Though I knew I should act at once.

I puzzled over it, hiding alone,
Watching the woman as she neared the gate.
He came, and I saw him crouching
Night after night.     ⬆️
Night after night     ⬇️
He came, and I saw him crouching,
Watching the woman as she neared the gate.

I puzzled over it, hiding alone —
Though I knew I should act at once,
For reasons that I failed to understand
I dared not

Put him to flight forever.

A closer look (he seemed to turn) might have
Revealed in the ragged moon.
A momentary glimpse of gleaming eyes

A shape amid the shadows,
Blackness that moved.

Peering furtively from behind a bush,
I saw him for the first time,
Entering the lonely house with my wife.

------------+-+-----------

The poem "Doppelganger" is a palindrome because half way through the poem every single line is repeated but backwards. Even though half of the poem is repeated the meaning can change and so can the mood of the poem.                --------

3 FEBRUARY 24

Google Words coach game 

Play Google Words coach game and improve your vocabulary.

★ DD : Disclaimerized Depiction ; ★    XERO SERENDIPITY AT KEY, / GREECE

★ DD : Disclaimerized Depiction ; ★ XERO SERENDIPITY AT KEY, / GREECE

PhD Prelims " Syntax Directed Definition For Tex Typesetting System " Used To Produce Books .

SYNTAX DIRECTED TRANSLATION RULES

SYNTAX DIRECTED TRANSLATION RULES

The Syntax Directed Definition To Include Superscripts Denoted By Operator " SUP " Between Boxes. If Box B2 Is Superscripts Of Box B1, Then The Position Of Baseline Of B2 0.6 Times The Point Size Of B1 Above The Baseline Of B1 . These Are The New Production And Rules To The Syntax Directed Translation .

© Epochbookie @ Wishal Jain .

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PhD PRELIMS LITERATURE

🤓  " Non- Traditional Data Flow Litrature Of Join Semilattices On The Meet Semilattices Side . "   👷

© Epochbookie @ Vishal Jain  🎓🎓

  ⚠️    ⚠️🔏

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

                            Read complete Article 

World Wide Web on the Internet side

                            Read complete Article 

⚠️

JOIN SEMILATTICES

JOIN SEMILATTICES

Register allocation in CPU

Register allocation in CPU

Basic Block scheduling -: Tradeoff Between Register Usage and Parallelism 

Q.1 ) Evaluate the expression { ( u + v ) + ( w + x )} +( y + z ). exactly as perenthesized ( that is do not use the commutative or associative laws to re order the addition ) . Give register lavel machine code to provide the maximum possible PARALLELISM .          1) LD R 1 , u   // R 1 = u

2) LD R 2 , v   // R 2 = v

3) ADD R 1 , R 1 , R 2   // R 1 = R 1 + R 2

4) LD R 2 , w   // R 2 = w

5) LD R 3 , x   // R 3 = x

6) ADD R 2 , R 2 , R 3   // R 2 = R 2 + R 3

7) ADD R1 , R1 , R2   // R 1 = R 1 + R 2

8) LD R 2 , y   // R 2 = y

9) LD R 3 , z   // R 3 = z

10) ADD R 2 , R 2 , R 3   // R 2 = R 2 + R 3 

11) ADD R 1 , R 1 , R 2   // R 1 = R 1 + R 2

 MACHINE CODE FOR THE ARITHMETIC EXPRESSION { ( u + v ) + ( w + x )} +( y + z )

Below a parallel computation for the same evolution , in which the expression could be evaluated in 4 steps on the 11 steps side .

Total steps in minimal register allocation/implementation = 11

Total steps using maximal PARALLELISM = 5

Thus the no. of steps saved = 6

1) R 1 = u | R 2 = v  | R 3 = w | R 4 = x | R 5 = y | R 6 = z

2) R 7 = R1 + R 2 | R 8 = R 3 + R 4 | R 9 = R 5 + R 6 

3) R 10 = R 7 + R 8 

4) R 11 = R 10 + R 9  

Maximum possible PARALLELISM machine code allocation/ implementation .
|| 🕸️site                                           🎓

🖱️🖱️🖱️🖱️🖱️🖱️🖱️

Q.2) Evaluate the following expressions exactly as parenthesized ( i.e. don't use the commutative or associative laws to reorder the additions ).

a) [ u + { v + ( w + x ) } ] + ( y + z )

b) { u + ( v + w ) } + { x + ( y + z ) }

If instead of maximizing the Parallelism, we minimized the no. of registers, how many steps would the computation take ? How many steps do we save by using maximal Parallelism.

$IFT (a) :-

1) LD R 1 , x         // R 1 = x 

2) LD R 2 , w      // R 2 = w

3) ADD R 1 , R 1 , R 2        // R 1 = R 1 + R 2

4) LD R 2 , v             // R 2 = v

5) ADD R 1 , R 1 , R 2  // R 1 = R 1 + R 2

6) LD R 2 , u            // R 2 = u

7) ADD R 1 , R 1 , R 2    // R 1 = R 1 + R 2

8) LD R 2 , y             // R 2 = y

9) LD R 3 , z           // R 3 = z

10) ADD R 2 , R 2 , R 3    // R 2 = R 2 + R 3

                            Under consideration 

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  🗞️  PhD Prelims Literature  🗞️

        BASIC BLOCKS AND FLOW GRAPH

SIFT 1 #   Partitioning Three - Address Instructions Into Basic Blocks .

INPUT : A Sequence Of Three - Address Instructions .

OUTPUT : A list of the basic blocks for that sequence in which each instruction is assigned to exactly one basic block .

METHOD : FIRST, we determine those instructions in the intermidiate code that are LEADERS ,that is , the first instructions in some basic block. THE instructions just past the end of the intermediate program is not included as a LEADER . the rules for finding leaders are : 

1. The First Three - Address Instruction are in the intermediate code is ' a leader ' .

2. Any Instruction That Is The Target of a conditional or unconditional jump is ' a leader ' .

3. Any instruction that immediately follows a conditional or uncondiotional jumps is a leader '.

Analytical Conclusion With Example

••••  read more in adjescent figure  ••••

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RE - A - $0N   :-  To form a judgement or an opinion, after thinking about something in a logical way.           

#  Google Doodle Art Games 🗯️

Google Doodles serve as a way to educate, entertain, and inspire users by highlighting important events, personalities, inventions, and milestones from around the world. 

♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦

                   Artificial Intelligence {AI}

               READ COMPLETE ARTICLE 

World Wide Web on the INTERNET side

                READ COMPLETE ARTICLE  

INTERNET PROTOCOL ADDRESS

               READ COMPLETE ARTICLE 

⚠️🔏  These are authored article Epochbookie and Ialive, simple and different don't take any responsibility for it's content.

(IMAGE for TCP / IP) :- Network diagram with network addresses indicated.

(IMAGE for TCP / IP) :- Network diagram with network addresses indicated.

  "  PhD Middlimns ( Thesis Soft 📰 ) Literature  "

🤔🙃😷📝

🔏⚠️            Read The Articles On 

1) Ulcers In Humans  ; A) Pressure Ulcer

2) Human nerves system, 3) Osteoarthritis 

4) Sergerical Terminology,  5) Lobotomy  ;  6) Tracheostomy ; 7) Dichotomy 8) Lumpectomy  ; 9) Masectomy  ; 10) Colostomy  , 

11) Article on Human Brain Diseases 

Human Anatomy learn more via images 

  🔏⚠️   These are authored articles Epochbookie and Ialive,simple and different don't take any responsibility of  it's content .

Terminology Of Plexus Organs 

★ Artery , Eccyesis , Glands.

Bones  .    (Classification / Nomenclature

* ‡ * Bone is a Rigid Organ ¿  

(Discriptive Article about bones.) &  Image Files of Bone.

★ Bone :- The material or substance of bones (in prec. senses) which consist of animal matter , ossein and salts of carbonate and phosphate of lime in varying proportions.

🧙‍♀️ Sir H. Davy :- The basis of bones is considered by earthy salts.

🧙‍♀️ Owen :- The primittive basis or 'blastems' of bone is a subtransparent glairy matter.

🧙‍♀️ Proverb :- Two doggs of one bone maye never accorde in one.

🧙‍♀️ Todd cycl. Bone cells appear in ossified intercellular tissue.

🧙‍♀️ Cir. Sc. :- " Bone gelatin is obtained by boiling bones in water ".

🧙‍♀️ H.Roggers :- Nothing would be gained but redicule if we're to substitute " bone knowledge " for ' Osteology '.

🧙‍♀️ Holpes :- This mixture of earthy granules and animal matter we call " bone tissue" .

🧙‍♀️ A.Ramsay :- Bone caves always occure on lime strata.

🧙‍♀️ Rutherford :- Faith is sinewed and boned with spiritual courage.

🧙‍♀️ Pall Mall :+ Bone Setter is a sort of amateur Surgeon, who has learnt the art of curinf dislocations empirically, and who practises that pertcular branch of surgery in a informal , irregular manner.... of late.... the art of the bone Setter has risen into some repute with the regular profession.

🧙‍♀️ Huxley Physi. :- The bones.... are masses either of cartilage, or of connective tissue hardened by being impregnated with phosphate and carbonate of lime.

🧙‍♀️ Mivart :- In the earlier stages of Existence there are no bones at all.

🧙‍♀️ Dickenr :- An immense brown horse displaying great symmetry of bone.

🧙‍♀️ R.sut :- Greedy to cast of the marrowe of gains and Loth to break the bone of labour.

   VEINS    & Images 

★  CEREBRUM , FOREBRAIN , DIENCEPHALON , MIDBRAIN (MESOCEPHALON) , HINDBRAIN (RHOMBENCEPHALON, METENCEPHALON , MYELENCEPHALON) , PREFRONTAL CORTEX (PFC) , HIPPOCAMPUS , 

★  Organ Inflammation ; Bacterial , Fungal , & Viral  Infections  

  ⚠️ D       ⚠️🔏

Human Anatomy learn more via images ☾             * 📹 Non-contact-hemodynamic-imaging-reveals-the-jugular-venous-pulse-waveform. 

 Learn more about

HUMAN ANATOMY VIA GRAPHICS 

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 These are authored articles Epochbookie and Ialive,simple and different don't take any responsibility of  it's content .

----------------------------

" MUSIC , WHEN SOFT VOICES DIE "

30 DEC 2023

MUSIC, WHEN SOFT VOICES DIE,

              VIBRATES IN THE MEMORY -

ODOURS ,WHEN SWEET VIOLETS SICKEN ,

    LIE WITHIN THE SENSE,THEY QUICKEN, 

ROSE LEAVES,WHEN THE ROSE IS DEAD ,

ARE HEAP'D FOR THE BELOVED'S BED ,

LOVE ITSELF SHALL SLUMBER ON

         BY " PERCY BYSSHE SHELLEY

( Poet  4 AUG 1792 - 9 JULY 1822)   ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

31 DEC 2023             

     🔥    FIRE AND ICE     🌫️

SOME SAY THE WORLD 🌍 WILL END IN FIRE ; 

SOME SAY IN ICE  ,

FROM WHAT I ' VE  TASTED OF DESIRE

I HOLD WITH WHO FAVOUR FIRE

BUT IF IT HAD TO PERISH TWICE,

I THINK I KNOW ENOUGH OF HATE

  TO SAY THAT FOR DESTRUCTION ICE,

      IT ALSO GREAT AND WOULD SUFFICE .                                                            BY " ROBERT FROST "

_______________


ROBERT FROST {1874 - 1963}

ROBERT FROST {1874 - 1963}

15 Feb 2024

 🎥 ★ Vanous Valves Of Politeal Vein ★  ⋆☾⋆            Article Brain Diseases   

 ⚠️🔏 E-mail queries :- TO WHOMSOEVER IT MAY CONCERN  

★ FIRST AID

☆ Infectious Diseases :-  Smallpox , Chickenpox, Measles , Rubella , Shingles , Varicella zoster virus

  🦜   $$$$ ≈ 1)    Staphylococcus aureus   2)  Staphylococcus  lugdunensis, 3)   Staphylococcus  schleiferi,   4) and Staphylococcus caprae .

Also, Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) 

★ Genes and Chromosomes 

🧙‍♀️ MUTATIONS 

★ 🧙‍♀️  Components of blood , & Image file for blood , & MEDIA file for movement of leukocytes 

  ‡ List of Immune cells WBC

🧙‍♀️ Thymus , T - cells & It's types

 ‡ Know about T-cells (Thymus ⋆☾⋆).             🦋 CAR T- cells Therepy  🦋 

★ Phenotypic trait,eye color, skin color              & it's image file

Bone Marrow,Stem Cells,Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSC), Hematopoietic Stem Cells,Clonal Hematopoiesis, MUTATION,Adipose Tissues & Their Image file  

Perceptions 

★ Media file for Hearing by human ears

★ List of 275++ Human infectious diseases 

★ Pathogens and  Their Image file 

Cartilage 

Human Brain    👈  ⋆☾⋆  👉    IMAGE FILE 

★ Cerebrum , Forebrain , Diencephalon , Midbrain (Mesocephalon) , Hindbrain (Rhombencephalon, Metencephalon , Myelencephalon) , Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) , Hippocampus

🧙‍♀️ Brodmann Area 

🧙‍♀️ Spinal column, Backbone, Vertebrate column 

POLIO 

Lyme Disease Even Tick ✅ knows how to get famous. In 2004, after releasing her Greatest Hits album, which produced three singles including "Party for Two", Twain entered a hiatus, revealing years later that diagnoses with Lyme disease and dysphonia led to a severely weakened singing voice.

HAIR,  Hair growth, Hair loss, Hair Follicles 

1) FIXEL- based analysis links WHITE MATTER characteristics,SEROSTATUS and Clinical features in LIMBIC ENCEPHALITIS (LE) & NEURO - CAMOUFLAGING                 

2) Article on Human Brain Diseases ☾🧙‍♀️

3) Article on Four Humours  & Image file for articl

4) Article on Dialysis (Kidney & Liver ) 💊                 Image files for dialysis 

5) Article on Endocrine Diseases -1, DIABETES & Image File for Endocrine Diseases -1

6) Article on Endocrine diseases -2 ; Thyroid Disorder & It's Image Files 

⚠️🔏 Websites and Social Media Disclaimer ⚠️🔏

 Learn Human Body Anatomy -1  via graphics.

LEarn Human Body Anatomy -2 via graphics 

Bone :- Metatarsal, Tarsus, Ankle,Tibia, Femur, Fibula,Epiphysis,Talus, Clavicle  

Liver, Lungs ,Spleen , Pancreas 🔏⚠️

Also Read Articles On 

1) Article on Nerves Systems 

2) Article on Ulcers in Humans , A) Pressure Ulcer

3) Osteoarthritis

4) Vasectomy 5) Colostomy6) Masectomy7) Sergerical Terminology8 ) Lumpectomy9) Lobotomy, 10) Gastrectomy11) DIchotomy, 

12) Tracheostomy13) Diarrhoea , Chronic Diarrhea of Infancy ,Malabsorption,Short Bowel Syndrome  

14) Article on Schizophrenia,  IMAGE file for 14 

15) Article on Tetanus,  IMAGE file for Tetanus 

16) Article on Bile,Bile Duct, Biliary Tract, Biliary Dyskinesia,  IMAGE FILE FOR ARTICLE 16 

17) a) Ischemia, Vascular Diseases thrombosis, embolism, paradoxical & arterial embolism     &.  b)  IMAGE files

18) Hathewaye hystolica, Gangrene, Gas gangrene ,Clostridium perfringens  &  Image Files   

19)  Ectopic Beats, PVC , PAC, ectopic pacemaker,  cardiac pacemaker, Arrhythmias    see IMAGE FILES  

⚡ Audio file for Arrhythmias 

20) Paralysis,gait abnormality,foot drop,Toe walking,Periodic paralysis,Tick paralysis, Guillain Barrè, ATAXIA  & IMAGE FILES

21) Articles on inflammation of organs

i) A> Bloodshot, Keratitis,Herpes Simplex Keratitis, Scleritis  ,     

 IMAGE FILE FOR A>

ii) B> Conjunctivitis, Ophthalmia  ,   IMAGE file for B> 

iii) c> optic chiasma, chiasma anatomy, Decussation,chiasmal syndrome, chiasma genetics    🔏⚠️           

  IMAGE file for C> 

iv) D> Uveitis,. And Panuveitis               

Pseudoscience, Psychic Abilities, Extra Sensory Perceptions 

Unsolved Problems In Neuroscience , Consciousness , Animal Consciousness , Computational Neuroscience , Neuroplasticity , Near-death experience ,

Hydrogen Sulfide in bone tissue regeneration and repair








........................




       

♦ ★1) LONG BONES are characterized by a shaft, the diaphysis, that is much longer than its width; and by an epiphysis, a rounded head at each end of the shaft. They are made up mostly of compact bone, with lesser amounts of marrow, located within the medullary cavity, and areas of spongy, cancellous bone at the ends of the bones. Most bones of the limbs, including those of the fingers and toes, are long bones. The exceptions are the eight carpal bones of the wrist, the seven articulating tarsal bones of the ankle and the sesamoid bone of the kneecap. Long bones such as the clavicle, that have a differently shaped shaft or ends are also called modified long bones. ★ 2) SHORT BONES are roughly cube-shaped, and have only a thin layer of compact bone surrounding a spongy interior. Short bones provide stability and support as well as some limited motion. The bones of the wrist and ankle are short bones. ★ 3)  FLAT BONES are thin and generally curved, with two parallel layers of compact bone sandwiching a layer of spongy bone. Most of the bones of the skull are flat bones, as is the sternum. ★ 4) SESAMOID BONES are bones embedded in tendons. Since they act to hold the tendon further away from the joint, the angle of the tendon is increased and thus the leverage of the muscle is increased. Examples of sesamoid bones are the patella and the pisiform. ★ 5) IRREGULAR BONES do not fit into the above categories. They consist of thin layers of compact bone surrounding a spongy interior. As implied by the name, their shapes are irregular and complicated. Often this irregular shape is due to their many centers of ossification or because they contain bony sinuses. The bones of the spine, pelvis, and some bones of the skull are irregular bones. Examples include the ethmoid and sphenoid bones.  ♦

♦ ★1) LONG BONES are characterized by a shaft, the diaphysis, that is much longer than its width; and by an epiphysis, a rounded head at each end of the shaft. They are made up mostly of compact bone, with lesser amounts of marrow, located within the medullary cavity, and areas of spongy, cancellous bone at the ends of the bones. Most bones of the limbs, including those of the fingers and toes, are long bones. The exceptions are the eight carpal bones of the wrist, the seven articulating tarsal bones of the ankle and the sesamoid bone of the kneecap. Long bones such as the clavicle, that have a differently shaped shaft or ends are also called modified long bones. ★ 2) SHORT BONES are roughly cube-shaped, and have only a thin layer of compact bone surrounding a spongy interior. Short bones provide stability and support as well as some limited motion. The bones of the wrist and ankle are short bones. ★ 3) FLAT BONES are thin and generally curved, with two parallel layers of compact bone sandwiching a layer of spongy bone. Most of the bones of the skull are flat bones, as is the sternum. ★ 4) SESAMOID BONES are bones embedded in tendons. Since they act to hold the tendon further away from the joint, the angle of the tendon is increased and thus the leverage of the muscle is increased. Examples of sesamoid bones are the patella and the pisiform. ★ 5) IRREGULAR BONES do not fit into the above categories. They consist of thin layers of compact bone surrounding a spongy interior. As implied by the name, their shapes are irregular and complicated. Often this irregular shape is due to their many centers of ossification or because they contain bony sinuses. The bones of the spine, pelvis, and some bones of the skull are irregular bones. Examples include the ethmoid and sphenoid bones. ♦

Trees 🎄 🌳 Anatomy 🌴 Ferritin is an iron storage protein that is found in plants and animals. It is usually formed from 24 subunits that self-assemble into a spherical shell that is approximately 2 nm thick, with an outer diameter that varies with iron loading up to about 16 nm. Up to ~4500 iron atoms can be stored inside the core of the shell in the Fe3+ oxidation state as water-insoluble compounds such as ferrihydrite and magnetite. Ferritin is able to store electrons for at least several hours, which reduce the Fe3+ to water soluble Fe2+. Electron tunneling as the mechanism by which electrons transit the 2 nm thick protein shell was proposed as early as 1988. Electron tunneling associated with ferritin is a quantum biological process, and ferritin is a quantum biological agent. Electron tunneling through ferritin between electrodes is independent of temperature, which indicates that it is substantially coherent and activation-less. The electron tunneling distance is a function of the size of the ferritin. Single electron tunneling events can occur over distances of up to 8 nm through the ferritin, and sequential electron tunneling can occur up to 12 nm through the ferritin. It has been proposed that the electron tunneling is magnon-assisted and associated with magnetite microdomains in the ferritin core. Early evidence of quantum mechanical properties exhibited by ferritin in vivo was reported in 2004, where increased magnetic ordering of ferritin structures in placental macrophages was observed using small angle neutron scattering (SANS). Quantum dot solids also show increased magnetic ordering in SANS testing, and can conduct electrons over long distances. Increased magnetic ordering of ferritin cores disposed in an ordered layer on a silicon substrate with SANS testing has also been observed. Ferritin structures like those in placental macrophages have been tested in solid state configurations and exhibit quantum dot solid-like properties of conducting electrons over distances of up to 80 microns through sequential tunneling and formation of Coulomb blockades. Electron transport through ferritin in placental macrophages may be associated with an anti-inflammatory function.  Conductive atomic force microscopy of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) tissue demonstrated evidence of electron tunneling between ferritin cores, in structures that correlate to layers of ferritin outside of neuromelanin organelles.   Evidence of ferritin layers in cell bodies of large dopamine neurons of the SNc and between those cell bodies in glial cells has also been found, and is hypothesized to be associated with neuron function. Overexpression of ferritin reduces the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and may act as a catalyst by increasing the ability of electrons from antioxidants to neutralize ROS through electron tunneling. Ferritin has also been observed in ordered configurations in lysosomes associated with erythropoiesis, where it may be associated with red blood cell production. While direct evidence of tunneling associated with ferritin in vivo in live cells has not yet been obtained, it may be possible to do so using QDs tagged with anti-ferritin, which should emit photons if electrons stored in the ferritin core tunnel to the QD. 🧙‍♀️ Currently, there exist four major life processes that have been identified as influenced by quantum effects: enzyme catalysis, sensory processes, energy transference, and information encoding. Other quantum phenomena in biological systems include the conversion of chemical energy into motion and brownian motors in many cellular processes. Hypotheses such as orchestrated objective reduction which postulate a link between quantum mechanics and consciousness have drawn criticism from the scientific community with some claiming it to be pseudoscientific and

Trees 🎄 🌳 Anatomy 🌴 Ferritin is an iron storage protein that is found in plants and animals. It is usually formed from 24 subunits that self-assemble into a spherical shell that is approximately 2 nm thick, with an outer diameter that varies with iron loading up to about 16 nm. Up to ~4500 iron atoms can be stored inside the core of the shell in the Fe3+ oxidation state as water-insoluble compounds such as ferrihydrite and magnetite. Ferritin is able to store electrons for at least several hours, which reduce the Fe3+ to water soluble Fe2+. Electron tunneling as the mechanism by which electrons transit the 2 nm thick protein shell was proposed as early as 1988. Electron tunneling associated with ferritin is a quantum biological process, and ferritin is a quantum biological agent. Electron tunneling through ferritin between electrodes is independent of temperature, which indicates that it is substantially coherent and activation-less. The electron tunneling distance is a function of the size of the ferritin. Single electron tunneling events can occur over distances of up to 8 nm through the ferritin, and sequential electron tunneling can occur up to 12 nm through the ferritin. It has been proposed that the electron tunneling is magnon-assisted and associated with magnetite microdomains in the ferritin core. Early evidence of quantum mechanical properties exhibited by ferritin in vivo was reported in 2004, where increased magnetic ordering of ferritin structures in placental macrophages was observed using small angle neutron scattering (SANS). Quantum dot solids also show increased magnetic ordering in SANS testing, and can conduct electrons over long distances. Increased magnetic ordering of ferritin cores disposed in an ordered layer on a silicon substrate with SANS testing has also been observed. Ferritin structures like those in placental macrophages have been tested in solid state configurations and exhibit quantum dot solid-like properties of conducting electrons over distances of up to 80 microns through sequential tunneling and formation of Coulomb blockades. Electron transport through ferritin in placental macrophages may be associated with an anti-inflammatory function. Conductive atomic force microscopy of substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) tissue demonstrated evidence of electron tunneling between ferritin cores, in structures that correlate to layers of ferritin outside of neuromelanin organelles. Evidence of ferritin layers in cell bodies of large dopamine neurons of the SNc and between those cell bodies in glial cells has also been found, and is hypothesized to be associated with neuron function. Overexpression of ferritin reduces the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and may act as a catalyst by increasing the ability of electrons from antioxidants to neutralize ROS through electron tunneling. Ferritin has also been observed in ordered configurations in lysosomes associated with erythropoiesis, where it may be associated with red blood cell production. While direct evidence of tunneling associated with ferritin in vivo in live cells has not yet been obtained, it may be possible to do so using QDs tagged with anti-ferritin, which should emit photons if electrons stored in the ferritin core tunnel to the QD. 🧙‍♀️ Currently, there exist four major life processes that have been identified as influenced by quantum effects: enzyme catalysis, sensory processes, energy transference, and information encoding. Other quantum phenomena in biological systems include the conversion of chemical energy into motion and brownian motors in many cellular processes. Hypotheses such as orchestrated objective reduction which postulate a link between quantum mechanics and consciousness have drawn criticism from the scientific community with some claiming it to be pseudoscientific and "an excuse for quackery".

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